The paranasal sinuses (PNS) seem to develop after regression of the erythropoietic marrow in the maxillary, frontal and sphenoid bones and its replacement by cavities filled with gas, which escapes into the nasal fossae through the ostia. Present day research is focused on prophylactic and therapeutic administration of NO in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Nitric oxide level in the paranasal sinuses, has been established today as a bio-marker of well being of the respiratory system and has found numerous clinical applications in the diagnosis and management of upper airway inflammation. This concept has found references in many of the breathing patterns described in ancient Indian yogic practices like the ‘Praanayama and Jal-Neethi'. This has revolutionized the concept of nasal breathing controlling the entire pulmonary function and oxygen uptake in the lungs. Messenger between the upper and lower respiratory tracts, reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and facilitating alveolar oxygen transfer into the bloodstream. The term ‘ aerocrine ’ illustrates the airborne transport of nitric oxide as a protective biological messenger in the human respiratory tract from the nasal passages to the respiratory alveoli. High concentration of Nitric oxide produced within the paranasal sinuses by the respiratory epithelium, has proved to be protective against infection or allergy induced airway Inflammatory marker in human upper airways. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator and The functions of paranasal sinuses have recently undergone a conceptual change in literature, with emerging clinical data highlighting the sinus cavity as an ‘Aerocrine Organ’.
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